中華民國小兒骨科醫學會黏多醣的骨骼問題

字體：小．中．大

Spinal deformities in MPS

Cervical spine

Features mainly include^1,2:		Symptoms may include:
Spinal compression 脊椎壓迫 Atlanto-axial instability 寰樞椎(第一頸椎和第二頸椎)不穩定		Myelopathy 脊髓病變 (weakness, clumsiness, unsteady gait, bowel/bladder problems)^3,4 Spastic quadriparesis(痙攣性四肢癱瘓), which can cause premature death⁵, neck pain, headaches Note that cervical spine complications may be asymptomatic
Normal X-ray		MPS X-rays

Normal cervical spine⁶		Cervical spine of a 5-year-old patient with MPS VI. Note subtle retrolisthesis of the odontoid in extension and mild anterior listhesis of C2 in flexion.⁷

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Image courtesy of Klane K White.
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Science Photo Library. www.sciencephoto.com. Image P116/0167.
Reprinted from Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, volume 104; Horovitz DDG, Magalhaes TSPC, Costa AP, Carelli LE, Silva DS, Riello APFL, Llerena JC:295–300, ©2011, with permission from Elsevier.